OBSERVATIONS ON THE COLEOPTERAN FAUNA IN THE FOREST ECOSYSTEM LOCATED IN THE NECHIT AREA, NEAMȚ COUNTY

Abstract

In this study, the research material is represented by coleopteran species found in a mixed forest In this study, the research material is represented by beetle species found in a mixed forest composed of deciduous and coniferous tree species, covering an area of 8 hectares. The forest is located in an area with rich biodiversity, characterized by a natural succession of tree species and a varied pitfall, which is conducive to the development of diverse fauna.
This paper focuses on analyzing the structure, dynamics, abundance, and ecological role of beetles within this forest ecosystem, emphasizing their interactions with other species and the abiotic environment. The collection of fauna was carried out using pitfall traps type Barber, which are ecological traps, during the year 2024, from July to September, over a period of three months. A total of 6 traps were installed at various marked locations in the forest, depending on vegetation density, to adequately cover habitat diversity. The material from the traps was collected at regular intervals of 10-14 days to monitor the activity of beetle species. Throughout the study, 6 collections of entomological material were conducted on the following dates: July 10, July 22, July 31, August 14, August 28, and September 11. Among the most frequently collected species are Poecilus cupreus, Necrophorus vespillo, Geotrupes vernalis, Aptinus bombarda, and Silpha carinata. These species have a significant ecological impact on the ecosystem, playing key roles in organic matter decomposition and nutrient recycling, pollination processes, and controlling populations of harmful insects. Additionally, some of these species may be classified as harmful fauna in certain contexts, having the potential to affect the natural balance of other insect species or even the vegetation. However, overall, the majority of the beetle species collected in this study have a beneficial role and are essential for maintaining the health of the analyzed forest ecosystem.